DMT, Bufotenine, and Psilocybin

Bufotenin (5-OH-DMT), is a tryptamine related to the neurotransmitter serotonin. It is an alkaloid found in the skin of some species of toads; inmushrooms, higher plants, and mammals. The name bufotenin originates from the Bufo genus of toads, which includes several species of psychoactive toads, most notably Bufo alvarius, that secrete bufotoxins from their parotoid glands. Bufotenin is similar in chemical structure to the psychedelics psilocin (4-OH-DMT), 5-MeO-DMT, and DMT, chemicals which also occur in some of the same fungus, plant, and animal species as bufotenin. The psychoactivity of bufotenin has been disputed, though recent studies suggest it is similar in nature to 5-MeO-DMT. Bufotenine is a compound found in a number of South American plants and in secretions from the many species of Bufo toads. 

Bufo marinus - world's largest frog. Bufotenine was first isolated in this frog. Toads around the world have been known to have drugs in their skin, and their skin these have long been used for medicines. By boiling the toad in olive oil, the skin secretions could be skimmed off and concentrated.These extracts is used as remedies for a number of sores and illnesses, including toothache and sinus and gum inflammations.

Dimethyltryptamine, most commonly known as DMT, is a fast-acting hallucinogen substance that brings on , which alter the user's perception of reality. It is related to LSD and psilocybin.  DMT causes a rapid rush of mind-altering states that end fairly quickly, usually within an hour. For this reason, DMT has been nicknamed the "businessman's special." DMT- became popular recreational drug unlike LSD, DMT is quickly destroyed by stomach acids and is ineffective if taken by mouth. too powerful and uncontrollable for enjoyment

toad swallower - meaning a creepy person willing to do anything for the boss. it came from the English people because of the traveling salesman sold medicines that could protect against toad poison. To demonstrate the effectiveness of their product, they would have an assistant swallow a live toad.

Psilocybin

present in magic mushrooms, is metabolized into psilocin; a similar situation likely occurs with 4-Acetoxy-DMT being metabolized into psilocin. The effects of 4-Acetoxy-DMT are said to be very similar to the effects of psilocybin/psilocin, although enough users have reported some differences that it is speculated that 4-Acetoxy-DMT may be uniquely active on its own, and not simply active due to (probably) being metabolized into psilocin. Users report dose-dependent colorful visual effects and a sense of physical energy or euphoria, sometimes accompanied by abstract, associative, "trippy" thought patterns, or derealization.

Several available reports of 4-Acetoxy-DMT compare it favorably to psilocybin, describing it as more euphoric, gentle, warm, and colorful. It has also been described as less jarring, and less likely to produce nausea. However, most of these comparisons are made with mushrooms, not pure psilocybin. In addition, it is unknown to what degree expectancy plays a role in shaping such experiences.

Effects take about 30-40 minutes to begin, with peak effects at around 2 hours. The onset has been characterized as smoother, gentler, and more pleasant than the onset of mushrooms. The primary effects of 4-Acetoxy-DMT typically lst for about 4-6 hours. They have been described as lasting from 3-4 hours (low oral doses) to 8-10 hours (moderate to strong oral doses). Visuals have been described as being similar to those produced by psilocybin/psilocin, 2C-B, and DMT. As with all psychedelics, some people may experience the effects of 4-Acetoxy-DMT as confusing, frightening, or unpleasant. While 4-Acetoxy-DMT is pharmacologically similar to psilocybin and may well be similar in terms of its relative safety, it has not undergone toxicological studies and its possible harms are unknown. Some users may have idiosyncratic responses to dosage and effects. 

A review of available reports suggests that many people have begun with doses that generated stronger effects than expeceted or desired, in the 25-30 mg range. One report describes a person who took "25 mg oral and had a 2 hr blackout, in which he curled up in a bed and mumbled nonsense to himself. He had absolutely no recollection of the 2 hours." Owing to its pharmacological similarity to psilocybin, it is very unlikely that 4-Acetoxy-DMT is addictive. Howver, it has not been studied for addiction liability.

Contraindications

• Do not operate heavy machinery. Do not drive.
• The effects of 4-Acetoxy-DMT may be dramatically increased if used by individuals currently taking MAOIs. MAOI drugs include the prescription antidepressants Nardil (phenelzine), Parnate (tranylcypromine), Marplan (isocarboxazid), Eldepryl (l-deprenyl), and Aurorex or Manerix (moclobemide), as well as the harmala alkaloids present in Banisteriopsis caapi (ayahuasca) and Peganum harmala (Syrian rue). Check with your doctor if you are not sure whether your medication is an MAOI.
• Individuals currently in the midst of emotional or psychological upheaval in their everyday lives should be careful about choosing to use psychedelics as they can trigger even more difficulty.
• Individuals with a family history of schizophrenia or early onset mental illness should be extremely careful because psychedelics have been known to trigger latent psychological and mental problems.